南雄加工中心夾具設計
發布時間(jian)：2025-02-01 01:06:36
南雄加工中心夾具設計
精(jing)密工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)一(yi)般是(shi)指(zhi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)設備，是(shi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)制造過程中(zhong)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)總稱(cheng)，統(tong)稱(cheng)為夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，包(bao)(bao)括工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、模具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、檢(jian)驗工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)等。包(bao)(bao)括專用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。精(jing)密工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)只能(neng)用(yong)(yong)于特定零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)小批量加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，以(yi)生產(chan)符合要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)。夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于電子廠的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)線操作，通(tong)過夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)輔助功能(neng)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提高生產(chan)效率。同時(shi)，加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)行業，特別是(shi)多品(pin)種、小批量零(ling)(ling)件(jian)，廣泛應用(yong)(yong)于完成加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生產(chan)。精(jing)密工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)領(ling)域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)問題是(shi)定位(wei)(wei)相對于平(ping)臺的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)。數控(kong)機床開始(shi)處理與夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)對應的(de)(de)(de)特定點，然(ran)后(hou)從夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)開始(shi)。因此，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度在很大(da)(da)程度上取決于夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)定精(jing)度，準確(que)定位(wei)(wei)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)個部分非常重要(yao)。零(ling)(ling)件(jian)位(wei)(wei)置上的(de)(de)(de)任何偏差(cha)都會增加必須(xu)分配(pei)給成品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸公差(cha)。此外，夾(jia)(jia)(jia)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中(zhong)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)不正確(que)支撐(cheng)和(he)固(gu)定也會通(tong)過臨時(shi)或變形(xing)影(ying)響表面光潔(jie)度。因此，必須(xu)同時(shi)考慮支撐(cheng)、夾(jia)(jia)(jia)緊和(he)定位(wei)(wei)技術，以(yi)確(que)保零(ling)(ling)件(jian)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)重復性。
南雄加工中心夾具設計
滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)系(xi)統(tong)通常(chang)由(you)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)和(he)(he)定(ding)(ding)位器組成，除了在(zai)整個(ge)加(jia)工過程中定(ding)(ding)位和(he)(he)保(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)工件外，還(huan)必須能夠保(bao)(bao)證一(yi)定(ding)(ding)的質(zhi)量(liang)性(xing)能。這(zhe)(zhe)種位置必須保(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)不變，從這(zhe)(zhe)個(ge)意義上(shang)說，設備必須在(zai)該位置的特(te)定(ding)(ding)加(jia)工操(cao)作中夾(jia)(jia)緊(jin)和(he)(he)安(an)全工件。滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)通常(chang)是為加(jia)工特(te)定(ding)(ding)齒(chi)輪工件的特(te)定(ding)(ding)操(cao)作而設計(ji)的，并(bing)單獨設計(ji)和(he)(he)制(zhi)造。在(zai)盡可(ke)(ke)能靠近節(jie)線的位置增加(jia)夾(jia)(jia)緊(jin)裝(zhuang)置，可(ke)(ke)以通過提高(gao)滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)的剛度來(lai)提高(gao)齒(chi)輪的切(qie)割速度。通過延(yan)長滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)夾(jia)(jia)頭(tou)(tou)的使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)，可(ke)(ke)以降低夾(jia)(jia)頭(tou)(tou)直徑與夾(jia)(jia)頭(tou)(tou)松弛狀態之(zhi)間(jian)的間(jian)隙。滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)夾(jia)(jia)頭(tou)(tou)的總移動距離可(ke)(ke)分為負載間(jian)隙、夾(jia)(jia)持(chi)(chi)公差和(he)(he)超程量(liang)三個(ge)區域(yu)。歷史上(shang)，使(shi)用(yong)手動裝(zhuang)載的滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)，裝(zhuang)載間(jian)隙保(bao)(bao)持(chi)(chi)在(zai)低限度。然而，對于(yu)(yu)自(zi)動裝(zhuang)載系(xi)統(tong)，所需(xu)的裝(zhuang)載間(jian)隙增加(jia)。這(zhe)(zhe)將(jiang)夾(jia)(jia)持(chi)(chi)直徑移到行程的另一(yi)端，內應(ying)力達到較設置相結(jie)合，有(you)助(zhu)于(yu)(yu)實現這(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)目(mu)標。通過創造這(zhe)(zhe)些微小的變化來(lai)減少負載間(jian)隙，使(shi)滾(gun)(gun)齒(chi)夾(jia)(jia)具(ju)夾(jia)(jia)頭(tou)(tou)的使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)翻(fan)倍(bei)、翻(fan)倍(bei)甚至更長。
南雄加工中心夾具設計
工(gong)(gong)件(jian)外輪(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)的(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)方法主要(yao)有兩(liang)(liang)種，設計相應的(de)(de)汽(qi)車(che)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)：①檢(jian)查具(ju)體表(biao)面(mian)沿(yan)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)外輪(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)向(xiang)外延(yan)(yan)(yan)伸(shen)約20mm；②沿(yan)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)外輪(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)法向(xiang)下延(yan)(yan)(yan)伸(shen)約20mm。在(zai)通用的(de)(de)CAD軟件(jian)(如UG)中，工(gong)(gong)件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)向(xiang)內的(de)(de)offset距離為2-3mm(如果生(sheng)成的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)模型為外表(biao)面(mian)，則在(zai)offset時應增加工(gong)(gong)件(jian)厚度)，然(ran)(ran)后沿(yan)其(qi)輪(lun)(lun)廓(kuo)的(de)(de)切向(xiang)或方向(xiang)將曲面(mian)延(yan)(yan)(yan)伸(shen)20mm，得(de)到具(ju)體的(de)(de)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)表(biao)面(mian)，然(ran)(ran)后向(xiang)基準(zhun)面(mian)延(yan)(yan)(yan)伸(shen)一定(ding)距離，即汽(qi)車(che)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)的(de)(de)具(ju)體檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)模型。由于(yu)車(che)身(shen)覆蓋復(fu)雜，在(zai)生(sheng)成具(ju)體檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)表(biao)面(mian)時，大(da)多(duo)需(xu)要(yao)上述兩(liang)(liang)種方法的(de)(de)結合，但對于(yu)一些特(te)殊的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)，這(zhe)仍然(ran)(ran)難以實現。當然(ran)(ran)，在(zai)汽(qi)車(che)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)（特(te)別是具(ju)體檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)）的(de)(de)設計中也會遇到許多(duo)類似的(de)(de)問(wen)題，需(xu)要(yao)對汽(qi)車(che)檢(jian)測(ce)(ce)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)原理(li)的(de)(de)滲透理(li)解和經(jing)驗進(jin)行(xing)處理(li)。
南雄加工中心夾具設計
磨齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)夾(jia)具與(yu)(yu)剃須夾(jia)具大(da)(da)致相同。當(dang)工(gong)(gong)件孔(kong)徑(jing)小、精度(du)高(gao)時，用圖10所(suo)示的(de)(de)(de)(de)肩圓柱芯(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)件內(nei)孔(kong)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)。當(dang)工(gong)(gong)件孔(kong)徑(jing)大(da)(da)，孔(kong)公差(cha)大(da)(da)時，可消除芯(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)(yu)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)孔(kong)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)間隙，減少磨削后的(de)(de)(de)(de)徑(jing)向跳躍和(he)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)向誤差(cha)，進(jin)一步提(ti)高(gao)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)精度(du)。剃須夾(jia)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計大(da)(da)多(duo)是采(cai)(cai)用間隙配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位芯(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。剃須可以消除滾(gun)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、插齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形、齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)向和(he)徑(jing)向跳動(dong)誤差(cha)，但往(wang)往(wang)得(de)不到(dao)更高(gao)精度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)。為(wei)此，采(cai)(cai)用套定(ding)位和(he)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)端面(mian)夾(jia)緊，不僅可以消除齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)內(nei)孔(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)間隙，還可以抑制剃須刀往(wang)復運(yun)動(dong)帶來的(de)(de)(de)(de)切削力，提(ti)高(gao)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)精度(du)1～2級。插齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)夾(jia)具的(de)(de)(de)(de)設計與(yu)(yu)滾(gun)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)夾(jia)具大(da)(da)致相同。插齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)芯(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)安裝在底(di)板上(shang)，芯(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)件孔(kong)配(pei)合(he)(he)(he)。當(dang)工(gong)(gong)件孔(kong)徑(jing)小、精度(du)高(gao)時，采(cai)(cai)用結(jie)構。當(dang)工(gong)(gong)件孔(kong)徑(jing)大(da)(da)、孔(kong)差(cha)大(da)(da)時，采(cai)(cai)用較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)套式結(jie)構，消除芯(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)件孔(kong)之(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)位間隙，保證加(jia)工(gong)(gong)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)向和(he)徑(jing)向跳躍。
南雄加工中心夾具設計
旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)有很多種，我(wo)們根(gen)據具(ju)體情況選(xuan)擇不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)。選(xuan)擇旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)尋找鈦浩，旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)耐磨性很高，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)不(bu)(bu)會損壞(huai)，旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)經常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于一(yi)些大(da)型設備，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)旋(xuan)轉頂(ding)(ding)部(bu)(bu)注意日常(chang)維護(hu)，以確保機(ji)械的(de)(de)正常(chang)運行。齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)輪(lun)(lun)調質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)是改(gai)變齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)材(cai)料的(de)(de)綜合(he)(he)機(ji)械性能(neng)(neng)。調質(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)硬(ying)(ying)度不(bu)(bu)高，一(yi)般在HBS200-240左(zuo)右，與調質(zhi)(zhi)前的(de)(de)材(cai)料硬(ying)(ying)度差別(bie)不(bu)(bu)大(da)，但機(ji)械性能(neng)(neng)要好得(de)多。同時(shi)，還能(neng)(neng)保證熱(re)(re)處理(li)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，韌性好，易跑合(he)(he)，能(neng)(neng)補償制(zhi)造誤差。那么在調質(zhi)(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)夾具(ju)時(shi)需要注意哪些方面(mian)呢？1.在淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)容易產生淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)裂(lie)紋(wen)，從而影響齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)的(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)性能(neng)(neng)甚至報(bao)廢。為防止淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)采取(qu)降(jiang)低(di)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力的(de)(de)措施(shi)，如(ru)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)、正確選(xuan)擇淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)、控制(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)時(shi)間(jian)等(deng)。淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)(zhi)盡量(liang)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)，水淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)可(ke)獲得(de)較深的(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)(ying)層和(he)令人(ren)滿(man)意的(de)(de)心(xin)臟(zang)組織。當水淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)有危(wei)險(xian)時(shi)，考慮采取(qu)油淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)或水淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)油冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)措施(shi)。冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)時(shi)間(jian)過(guo)(guo)長，也可(ke)能(neng)(neng)是由于溫(wen)度過(guo)(guo)低(di)，使(shi)(shi)內應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力過(guo)(guo)大(da)，使(shi)(shi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)，一(yi)般冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)選(xuan)擇，是心(xin)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)到(dao)MS點(dian)附(fu)近（約300攝氏(shi)度）。在實(shi)際操(cao)作(zuo)中(zhong)(zhong)，心(xin)臟(zang)溫(wen)度是無法測量(liang)的(de)(de)，這(zhe)取(qu)決于操(cao)作(zuo)人(ren)員的(de)(de)實(shi)踐經驗。2.淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)后(hou)必須(xu)及時(shi)回(hui)(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)，防止應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力過(guo)(guo)大(da)導致齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)開裂(lie)。對回(hui)(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)脆性敏感(gan)的(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)材(cai)料，回(hui)(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)時(shi)油冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)，增加(jia)(jia)一(yi)次消除應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力的(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)。對于淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)透性高的(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)鋼，如(ru)40crnimo，用(yong)(yong)(yong)鹽浴加(jia)(jia)熱(re)(re)，淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)后(hou)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)過(guo)(guo)早清(qing)理(li)鹽渣，否則由于清(qing)洗過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力和(he)內部(bu)(bu)過(guo)(guo)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)奧氏(shi)體轉變引起(qi)的(de)(de)內應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力，齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)開裂(lie)。
南雄加工中心夾具設計
插(cha)齒(chi)刀(dao)安裝后徑向與(yu)(yu)端面(mian)跳動(dong)(dong)大(da)；安裝時檢(jian)查刀(dao)軸(zhou)、刀(dao)墊(dian)、刀(dao)具(ju)內孔端面(mian)精度(du)，是否(fou)有(you)碰撞，安裝時保持清潔(jie)度(du)。齒(chi)坯安裝不好:齒(chi)坯制造精度(du)不符合工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)要求，工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝精度(du)喪失或(huo)(huo)(huo)設計(ji)(ji)剛度(du)不足，工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝安裝時清潔(jie)度(du)差或(huo)(huo)(huo)有(you)碰撞毛刺；解決方案(an):保證齒(chi)坯精度(du)，安裝時保證清潔(jie)度(du)，無碰撞毛刺，重新設計(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝或(huo)(huo)(huo)更換工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝。機(ji)床(chuang)傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)鏈(lian)中(zhong)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)主軸(zhou)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)主軸(zhou)等零(ling)件的(de)精度(du)已經(jing)喪失或(huo)(huo)(huo)磨損，傳(chuan)(chuan)動(dong)(dong)部件之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)間(jian)隙(xi)變大(da)，切割時產(chan)生松動(dong)(dong)和沖擊(ji)；工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)主軸(zhou)與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)圓(yuan)錐導軌表面(mian)接(jie)觸(chu)過(guo)硬，工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)驅動(dong)(dong)沉重，旋轉時摩擦(ca)發熱，產(chan)生振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)；或(huo)(huo)(huo)接(jie)觸(chu)過(guo)松，工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)在運(yun)行過(guo)程中(zhong)晃動(dong)(dong)；刀(dao)架體與(yu)(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺(tai)(tai)的(de)兩分度(du)蝸桿在運(yun)行過(guo)程中(zhong)軸(zhou)向運(yun)動(dong)(dong)過(guo)大(da)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)蝸桿與(yu)(yu)蝸輪(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)嚙合間(jian)隙(xi)過(guo)大(da)，在運(yun)行過(guo)程中(zhong)引起跳動(dong)(dong)；機(ji)床(chuang)使刀(dao)機(ji)構(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)異常(chang)，插(cha)齒(chi)刀(dao)回程中(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件加工(gong)(gong)(gong)表面(mian)擦(ca)傷。